| 释义 |
if[ɪf; if]连接词A1 如果…, 假使…a. [就现在、过去、未来可能实现之事加以推测时]If you are tired, we will go straight home.如果你疲倦了, 我们就直接回家If you have finished reading this book, please return it to me.如果你念完这本书, 请把它还给我If he did it, he committed a crime.如果他做了那件事, 他就犯了罪I'll be hanged [damned] if I obey him.(口语)我才不会听他的话Do you mind if I open the window?.如果我打开窗子, 你介意吗?(我可以打开窗子吗? )I shall tell him if he comes.如果他来了, 我会告诉他b.If you knew how I suffered, you would pity me.如果你知道我多么受苦, 你会同情我If I were you, I would help him.如果我是你, 我会帮助他c.If I had known, I wouldn't have done it.假使我知道, 我就不会做那件事If he had followed my advice, he wouldn't be in such difficulty now.如果他听从我的劝告, 他现在就不会陷入如此的困境d.If it should rain tomorrow, I shall not [shan't, won't] come.万一明天下雨, 我就不来e.If I were to die tomorrow, what would you do?.要是我明天死了, 你怎么办?2 a. 即使… (even though)If he be ever so rich.﹍.(古)即使他很富有…If I am wrong, you are not absolutely right.即使我错, 你也不一定绝对正确He is a good if mischievous boy.即使他再顽皮, 还是个好孩子His manner, if patronizing, was not unkind.他的态度即使有点傲慢, 也不能说是不和善I don't care if I go.(口语)我可以去; 我去也可以(对于邀请的肯定回答)→ even if, if not.b. 即使…, 然而… (whereas)If he was not industrious in his youth, he now works very hard.诚然, 他年轻的时候不勤奋, 然而现在他工作很卖力3 每逢…时, 不论何时 (whenever)If I feel any doubt, I ask.每逢有疑问时我就发问4 [省略结论的主句, 单独用作表示惊叹、愿望等的感叹句]If I only knew! =If only I knew!.要是我知道的话该多好!If I haven't lost my watch!.要是没丢掉表该多好!(该死, 丢了表!)Why, if it isn't Mr. Smith!.嗨, 那不正是史密斯先生!B[引导间接疑问句] 是不是… (whether)Ask him if it is true.问他那是不是真的I wonder if he is in the school.我不知道他是否在学校■ as if → as■ even if即使Even if you do not like it, you must do it.即使你不喜欢那件事, 你也得去做■ if a day [an inch, a penny, etc.]一天 [一吋, 一便士] 不少, 确实, 至少He is seventy if a day. (一天也不差) 他确实有七十岁The enemy is 2000 strong, if a man. (一个也不少) 敌军至少有两千人He measures six feet, if an inch. (一吋也不少) 他至少有六呎高I have walked 15 miles, if a yard. (一码也不少) 我确实已走了十五哩■ if any即使有, 如果有的话There are few (books), if any.即使有 (书) 也很少There is little (wine), if any.即使有 (葡萄酒) 也很少Correct errors, if any.如果有错误, 即予以订正■ if anything要说有什么区别的话, 甚至可能, 说起来Things are, if anything, improving.事态甚至可能好转True greatness has little, if anything, to do with rank and power.说起来, 真正的伟大与地位权力没什么关系■ if anywhere如有任何地方■ if at all → at all■ If it had not been for ﹍如果没有…的话 (But for﹍)If it had not been for.﹍ = Had it not been for your advice, I couldn'thave done it.如果没有你的忠告, 我不可能完成那件事■ If it were not for﹍如果没有…的话 (But for﹍)If it were not for (= Were it not for) the sun, nothing could live.如果没有太阳的话, 任何东西都不能生存■ if necessary [possible]如果有必要, 如果可能I will do so, if necessary.如果有必要, 我会这样做■ if not(1)即使不是…It is highly desirable, if not essential, to draw the distinction.即使非属必要, 但仍然宜加以区别(2)如果不是…Where should I get stationery, if not at a department store ?.如果不是在百货公司, 我该在哪里买文具?■ if only(1)→ conj. A 4(2)即使只…We must respect him if only for his honesty [if only because he is honest].即使只为了他的诚实, 我们也必须尊敬他I want to go if only to see his face.光是为了见他一面, 我也要去■ if you like → like■ if you please → please■ What if﹍? →what pron可数名词(pl. ~s)条件; 假设, 假使There are too many ifs in his speech.他说话中有太多的“假使”ifs and buts事情延后的理由 [藉口]Do it now, and no ifs and buts!.现在就做, 不要尽找藉口拖延! |