| 释义 |
by[(重读)baɪ; bai; (轻读)bə; bi, bə]介系词1 在…近旁, 在…之旁边, 在…身边, 靠近…a house by the seaside海滨的房屋I haven't got it ~ me.我身边没有这样东西 【同义字】■ beside 和 by 都有“旁边”的意思, 而 beside 比 by 更明确 2 a. 由…的旁边, 经过…go by me [the church]从我 [教堂] 旁边走过b. 通过< 路> , 沿著…, 顺著…drive by the highway沿著公路驾车pass by the river经过河边c. 经由…, 取道… (via)travel by (way of) Italy取道义大利旅游3 a. 用…, 藉…, 乘…, 搭…by letter [wire]用书信 [电报]send by post邮寄go [travel] by bus [boat, bicycle, plane, rail(road), train, etc.]搭乘巴士 [船, 自行车, 飞机, 火车 (等) ] 去[旅行]go by water [air]由水路 [搭飞机] 去by land [sea]由陆路 [水路]go by the 9:00 p.m. train搭下午九点的火车去b. 用…, 藉…, 以…by hand [machine]用手[机器] (制的)sell by auction以拍卖出售learn by heart默记, 背c. 藉< 做…> , 以Let's begin by reviewing the last lesson.我们开始 (上课) , 先温习上一课We learn by listening.我们以听力训练法学习d. 因…die by poison中毒而死by reason of﹍ 由于…, 因为…4 由…, 被…America was discovered by Columbus.美洲是由哥伦布发现的Those locomotives are driven by electricity.那些火车头是电动的be made [written] by John Smith由约翰.史密斯制作 [执笔]a novel by Scott司各脱 (写) 的小说5 a. 到…时已经, 不晚于…, 到…时为止 (not laterthan)by the end of this month (最迟) 到这个月底finish by the evening到傍晚完成By the time we reached home, it was quite dark.我们回到家时, 天已经很黑了b. 在…时间内, 在…期间 (during)I work by day and study by night.我在日间工作, 夜间读书He went home by daylight.他在天还没黑时回家了6 a. 按…, 依照…, 依据…It's five o'clock by my watch.依照我的表, 时间是五点judge a person by appearances以貌取人, 根据外表判断一个人b. [by the﹍; 表示单位] 以…为单位, 以…计, 按…计算board by the month按月包饭 [搭伙]sell by the yard [gallon]以码 [加仑] 计价卖pay a worker by the piece按件计酬by the hundred =by (the) hundreds好几百地, 数以百计He used to read by the hour.他从前常常一看书就是好几个小时7 a. 至于…程度; 至 (…之多)by degrees逐渐, 渐次miss by a minute迟一分钟, 只差一点而错过win by a boat's length以一船身之领先获胜He is taller than she (is) by five centimeters.他比她高五公分little by little = bit by bit一点一点地, 逐渐day by day日复一日地drop by drop一滴一滴地one by one逐一step by step一步一步地, 逐步room by room逐室, 一个房间一个房?ab. 以…multiply 8 by 2以 2 乘 8divide 8 by 2八除以二a room (of) 12 ft. by 15 (ft.)十二呎宽十五呎长的房间a 5(by)8 inch card五吋宽八吋长的卡片→ two (by) four.8 将 (人、物之) …He held the boy by the collar.他抓住那个男孩子的衣领He led the old man by the hand.他牵著那个老人的手走9 就…而言, 论…, 在…方面为, …是by birth [name, trade]出生 [姓名, 行业] 为a Frenchman by birth生为法国人They are cousins by blood.他们是有血缘的堂[表]兄弟[姊妹]He is Jones by name.他名叫琼斯I know him by name.我只知道他的名字 (人倒是不认识)It's O.K. by me.(美口语)我可以 [没有问题] (至于别人, 我可不知道)→ by NATURE.10 偏向…North by East.北偏东(略作 NbE; 介于北 (N) 与北北东 (NNE) 之间; → the POINTS of the compass)11 a. 由 < 为父[母]者> 所生He had a child by his first wife.他的第一位妻子为他生了一个孩子b. < 马等> 以…为其父Justice by Rob Roy.以罗布.罗埃为其父的佳斯帝斯12 对… (toward)do one's duty by one's parents对父母尽本分Do (to others) as you would be done by.己所欲, 施于人13 奉< 神> 之名, 对< 神> 发誓swear by God that﹍ 对神发誓…■ (all) byoneself→ oneself■ by far→ far adv副词1 在旁, 在旁边, 在附近, 在侧, 在一边close [hard, near] by在近旁Nobody was by when the fire broke out.起火时没人在附近2 a. 由旁边 (通, 经) 过pass by由旁边经过 [走过, 通过]go by过去, 走过Time goes by.时光流逝in days gone by往日b. (美口语)到别人家call [stop] by顺路访问3 在旁边, 在侧; 在身边keep by把…放在手边put [lay]﹍by 收藏…, 贮藏…■ by and by不久, 不一会 (before long)By and by you will understand.不久以后你会了解的■ by and large(1) 一般说来, 就整个来说, 大致上 (on the whole)Taking it by and large, .﹍.就整个来看…; 大致上…(2)‘航海’ < 帆船> 时而吃风时而不吃风■ stand by→ stand |