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词汇 do
释义 do[du; du:](did[dd; did]; done[dn; dn])及物动词A
1 做, 办, 实行
a. 做…, 实行
do repairs修理
do something wrong做错某事
do research on history做历史研究工作
I have nothing to ~.我无事可做
What are you doing ?.你在做什么?
We must do something about it. = Something must be done about it.关于那件事我们必须想想办法 [采取某种办法]
What can I do for you? [店员对客人] 请问您要什么? 我能帮您什么吗? [医师对病人] 怎么了?
b. 完成 < 工作、义务等> , 做完; 尽
Do your duty.尽你的本分[义务]
Do your best [utmost].尽全力去做
I've done all I can.我已尽了全力
do one's military service服兵役
do business with﹍与…做生意[交易]
You did the right [proper] thing.你做得对 [适当]
You should do the honorable thing and resign. (如果你知耻) 你该毫不留恋地辞职
c. 做…
do the washing [shopping]洗衣 [购物]
She did almost all the talking.几乎全是她一个人在说话
I wanted to do some telephoning.我想打一下电话
d. (职业性地) 做…
do lecturing讲课
do teaching教书
e. [常 have done, be done] 做完
I've done it.我把它做完了; 我完成了
Now you've done it.(口语)这下可糟了; 现在你把事情搞坏了
The work is done.工作做完了
Have you done reading?.你读完了吗?
That does it!. → do 成语
That's done it!. → do 成语
2 给与
a. 给与< …> < 利益、损害等> , 带来; 给与[…] < 利益、损害等> ,
带来[to]
Good intentions can do us great harm.善意_ (有时也) 可能带给我们大害
(好心做坏事)
The medicine will do you good.那种药对你有好处
(有益)
The bad weather has done great damage to the crops.恶劣天气已给农作物带来重大损害
b. 给与< 某人> < 名誉、敬意、正确的评价等> , 表示, 施与; 给与[某人] < 名誉、敬意、正确的评价等> , 表示, 施与[to]
do a person a service为某人服务, 照料某人
do a person a kindness待某人亲切
do a person a good [bad] turn对某人行善 [行恶]
do a person homage = do homage to a person对某人表示敬意
→ do honor to a person = do a person HONOR→ do a person[thing]JUSTICE = do justice to a person[thing].c. 施与< 某人> < 恩惠、帮助> ; 施与[某人] < 恩惠、帮助> [for]
Will you do me a favor? = Will you do a favor for me?.你愿意帮我一个忙吗?
3 (以某种方法) 处理
a. (写回信) 处理 < 信件>
do one's correspondence处理信件
b. 整理 < 房间、床等> ; 洗 < 碗盘等>
The maid was told to do the bathroom.女佣被吩咐去打扫浴室
Jane was doing the dishes.珍那时正在洗碗盘
c. 插< 花> ; 梳理< 头发> ; 化妆< 脸>
Mother will do the flowers.妈会插那些花
Tell her to go and do her hair and nails.告诉她去梳发修指甲
She usually spends two hours doing her face.她通常花两小时做脸 [化妆打扮]
d. 攻读 [专攻, 准备] < 学科>
My son has been doing electronics at Princeton (University).我儿子一直在普林斯顿大学攻读电子学
e. 解答 < 问题、计算题> (solve)
Will you do this sum for me?.请你帮我解这一道算术题好吗?
f. 写< 书> ; 画 < 图画> ; 制作 < 影片>
do a portrait画人像
Walt Disney did a movie about Seven Dwarfs.华德.狄斯耐制作过一部有关七矮人的影片
g. < 为某人> 制作 < 抄本、报告等> ; 翻译; [为某人]制作 < 抄本、报告等> ; 翻译[for]
How many copies shall I do?.我要抄写几份呢?
We asked her to do us a translation. = We asked her to do a translation forus.我们要求她替我们翻译
4 a. 烹调< 肉等> ; 做< 菜>
(cf. well-done 1, overdone, underdone)
They do fish very well here.这一家烧的鱼很好吃
b. 把< 肉等> 烹调< 成…>
do meat brown把肉烤成褐色
This steak has been done to a turn.这块肉片 [牛排] 烤得恰到好处
5 对< 某人> 合用; 对< …> 很充足, 对< …> 够用
That will do me very well.那对我很合适 [那好极了]
Will this sum of money do you?.这一笔钱你够用吗?
6(英口语)
a. 照料< 客人>
I'll do you now, sir. [在理发厅等] 我现在要 照料您 [为您理发] 了, 先生
b. 为< 某人> 服务 (周到) , 招待< 某人> (很好)(cf. DO by)
They do you very well at that hotel.那家旅馆服务很周到
c. [~ oneself; 与 well 等连用] 奢侈
He does himself fairly well.他相当奢侈
7 a. 演…的角色
He did Hamlet well.他把哈姆雷特的角色演得很好
She always does the hostess admirably [very well].她是个令人赞赏的女主人, 待客和蔼可亲
b. 装得 < 像…> , 假装; 模仿 < …的样子>
do a Chaplin模仿卓别林的样子
Can you do a frog?.你能模仿青蛙的样子吗?
c. (口语.古)做出…样子
do the agreeable [amiable]做出和蔼可亲的样子
8(口语)游览, 参观
do the sights (of﹍) 游览 (…的) 名胜
Have you done the Tower (of London) yet?.你参观过伦敦塔了吗?
9 a. 走完 < 某距离> ; 旅行
We [Our car] did 70 miles in an hour.我们 [我们的车子] 一小时跑了七十哩
b. < 以…速度> 前进
This car does 120 m.p.h.这部车子时速可达一百二十哩
10(口语)
a. 欺骗< 人>
I've been done.我上当了
b. 向< 人> 骗取[…][out of]
He once did me out of a large sum of money.他曾经向我骗取了一大笔钱
11 (英口语)惩罚< 某人> , 教训< 某人> (punish)
12 (口语)服 < 刑期>
do time (in prison)(在监狱里) 服劳役
He did three years for assault.他因殴打罪 [伤害他人身体罪] 而服刑三年
B
[用以代替动词, 以避免 be, have 以外其他动词的重覆使用; cf. v.i. B]
1
My mother loved my brother better than she did me.我母亲爱我弟弟超过爱我
If you want to see him, do it now.如果你想要见他, 现在就去见他
2
He was asked to leave the room, but he refused to do so.他被要求离开那房间, 但他拒绝那样做!
(cf. so A 4 b{用法})
" Does she play tennis ?" -" Yes, I've seen her doing so [that]." .“她打网球吗?”“是的, 我看过她打”
不及物动词A
1 行, 行动, 行为
do as an honorable man should做得像个正人君子
You did well [right] in telling it to me.你把那件事告诉我, 做得好[对]
You would do well to refuse.你拒绝才好
You've only to do as you are told.你只要按照吩咐去做
2 a. < 某人> (生活、健康状态、成绩等) 为 (…) ; < 事情> 进行 (顺利, 不顺利) (get along)
He is doing splendidly [poorly] at school.他在学校表现极好 [很坏]
Mother and child are both doing well.母子两人都平安
(指生产后)
He does fairly well for himself.他生活 过得相当惬意
→ How do you DO?b. < 植物> 生长 (grow)
Flax does well after wheat.继小麦之后, 亚麻长得很好
3 a. 可用作[…], 可暂时代用, 足够[for]
This box will do for a seat.这个箱子可当作座椅
b. [人、物]足以< 做…> , 可暂时应付
This bench will do for three people to sit on.这个长凳子足够三个人坐
c. 行, 可以, 足够, 合用
Will $10 do?.十美元够吗?
That will do.那就够了; 那就行了
That won't [doesn't] do.那不行
It won't do to be late for the party.宴会迟到是不行的
4 发生
What's doing here(这里发生了什么事)
→ NOTHING doing代名词B
[用以代替动词, 以避免 be, have 以外其他动词的重覆使用; cf. v.t. B]
1 [避免重覆同一动词 (以及包括该动词的字群) ]
The moon shines when the sun's light strikes it, just as a mirror does.当阳光照射到月球时, 月球就像镜子那样发亮
You play the piano as well as he did.你的钢琴弹得和他一样好
Living as I do in the country, I rarely have visitors.因为住在乡间, 我很少有访客
2
He lives in London, doesn't he?.他住在伦敦, 不是吗?
So you don't want to be a teacher, do you?.那么, 你不想当教师, 是吗?
You did it, didn't you?.你做了那件事, 不是吗?
3
" Who saw it ?" -" I did." .“谁看到它?”“我 (看到) ”(强调I)
" Does she like apples ?" -" Yes, she does." .“她喜欢苹果吗?”“是的, 她喜欢”
4
" He came to see me yesterday." -" Oh, did he ?" .“他昨天来看我”“噢, 是吗?”
be done with﹍ do away with﹍
(1) 除去…, 废除
This practice should be done away with.这种惯例应该废除
(2) 杀< 人等> do by﹍
对待…
He does well by his friends.他待朋友好
Do as you would be done by.己所欲施于人
do down
(1) (以技谋或欺骗) 击败< 人>
(2) 使< 人> 惭愧
(3) 说 < 未出席者的> 坏话 do for﹍
(1) → v.i. A 3 a
(2)(英口语)为…照料家务
Mary does for her father and brother.玛丽为父兄照料家务
(3)(口语)使< 人> 疲倦; 使< 东西> 报废
I'm afraid these gloves are done for.我担心这些手套已经不能用了
I'm done for.我完了; 我不行了; 我筋疲力竭
do in
(1)(口语)使< 人> 筋疲力竭
The work really did me in.那工作真的使我筋疲力竭
I'm really done in.我真的疲惫不堪
(2)(口语)使< 人> 毁灭 [灭亡]
(3)(俚)杀死< 人> do or die [用原形]
(1) (为求成功而) 尽最大努力, 干到底
We must do or die.我们必须干到底
(2) 以殊死的决心, 孤注一掷地, 决一死战地 do out
(口语)把< 房间等> 清理 [打扫] 乾净 do over
(1) 油漆 < 房间、墙壁等> , 装修
Her room was done over in pink.她的房间漆成粉红色
(2)(美)改做; 重做, 重新装饰
(3) = DO out
(4)(俚)攻击< 人> ; 使< 人> 受伤 do﹍to death do up
(1) 修理, 整修
This house must be done up.这栋房子非整修不可
(2) 把< 头发> 梳上去
do up one's hair整理头发(3) [~ oneself up] 打扮; 化妆, 修饰
(4) 把< 东西> 包起来; 打包
do up a parcel捆包裹 [作成包裹]
(5) 扣住< …的> 扣子, 用 (子) 住
She did up the zip on her dress.她拉起衣服的拉链
(6)(口语)使< 人> 筋疲力竭
I'm done up.我筋疲力竭了
My horse was done up after the long ride.经过长途骑乘后我的马疲惫不堪
(7)< 衣服> 用扣子扣, 用! (子) 住
My dress does up at the back.我的衣服是从背后扣的
do with﹍
(1) [用疑问代名词 what 为受词] (如何) 处置…
What did you do with my book?.你把我的书怎么样了 [弄到哪里去了] ?
We felt so happy that we did not know what to do with ourselves.我们太高兴以致于不知道如何去控制自己
I don't know what to do with her.我不知道如何与她相处; 我不知道如何对待她
(2) 将就著…, 勉强应付
Can you do with cold meat for dinner?.你能将就著吃冷肉当晚餐吗?
I can't do with waiting any longer.我不能再等下去了
(3)(口语)能得到…就满足, 想要, 需要
I could do with a good night's rest.能好好睡一晚我就心满意足了
I could do with a drink.我想喝点什么
do without﹍
(1) 省去…, 无需
I can't do without this dictionary.我不能没有这本辞典
(2) 免除, 不用
The store hasn't any; so you will have to do without.那家商店没有卖, 所以你只好免了 [将就不用]
have done with﹍
结束…; 已与…无关系
Have you done with the paper?.你看完报纸了吗?
I've done with him for the future.我今后与他无关系
(不要再做了) have something [nothing, little, etc.] to do with﹍
与…有些 [毫无, 几乎没有 (等) ] 关系 have to do with﹍
(1) 与…有关
(2) 应付… How are you doing?
[关系密切者之间的打招呼] (美口语)你好吗? How do you do?
[初次见面时打招呼的用语] 您好 make do with[on] That does it!
(口语)够了!好极了! That's done it!
(口语)
(1) 完了, 万事休矣, 糟了
(2) 干得好!好极了! to do with﹍
[常置于 something, nothing, anything等形容词片语后面] 与…有关 up and doing What [(英)How] will you do for﹍?
如何安排[处理]…?
可数名词(pl. dos, do's[~z; ~z])
1 (英口语)欺骗, 诈欺
2 a. (口语)宴会, 聚会
b. 骚动
3 [常 ~s]该做的事, 应遵守的事, 命令事项
(cf. don't)
do's and don'ts该做与不该做的事, 心得, 注意事项
the dos and don'ts of etiquette礼节须知 [注意事项]
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