| 释义 |
work[wʒk; wə:k]名词A(U)1 a. (有某种目的而努力去做的) 工作, 劳动, 作业; 努力, 用功, 研究 (←→ play)easy [hard] ~轻松 [辛苦] 的工作time consuming ~费时 [费事] 的工作the ~ of compiling a dictionary编辑字典的工作never do a stroke of ~一点点工作都不做do good ~工作态度 [工作性质、内容] 良好a man of all ~什么工作都做的人, 多面手 → MAID of all workAll ~ and no play (makes Jack a dull boy).(谚)光读书不玩耍, 杰克 [小孩] 变成大呆瓜(一味地工作的人会变成没有情趣的人)The trouble with my job is that it is all ~ and no play.我工作上的困扰是一味工作而全无玩乐It will take a lot of ~ to finish the job.做完那件工作需要费很大的工夫 【同义字】■ work 某种目的而努力的工作■ labor 辛苦的劳动■ toil 长时间连续劳累的工作 b. (该做的) 工作, 任务Everybody's ~ is nobody's ~.(谚)大家的事没人做(众人之事无人管)c. < 做…的> 工作, 业务, 任务I have a lot of ~ to do this evening.今晚我有很多事要做2 [通常无冠词]工作机会, 职业, 生意, 专业look for ~找工作→ go to WORKHe wants ~.他在 [要] 找工作He isn't in regular ~.= He doesn't have regular ~.他没有固定的工作His ~ is selling cars.他的工作是推销汽车My ~ is in teaching [as a teacher].我的职业是教书3 a. (正在做的) 工作(尤指针线工作、刺绣等)Are you through with your ~ ?.你的工作做完了吗 ?b. [集合称]缝纫用具 [材料]Bring your ~ downstairs.把你的缝纫用具带到楼下来4 a. 工艺, 细工, 制造Making this broach required careful ~.制造这个胸针要求工艺精细This table is my own ~.这张桌子是我自己做的b. [集合称] (手工艺品、雕刻等的) 作品the ~ of famous sculptors名雕刻家的作品What a fine piece of ~ !.多么精巧的作品呀!→handwork, needlework, stonework.5 [由形容词所修饰] (…的) 做法, 行为, 手段, 手法bloody ~血腥的行为sharp ~精明的做法make light [hard] ~ of [with]﹍ 轻松地做完 [强调 (不太难做的事) 困难重重]make short [quick] ~ of﹍ 迅速做完, 快速处理make sad ~ of it处置不当, 弄得一团糟6 作用, 功用; 所为the ~ of poison毒性作用The brandy has begun to do its ~.白兰地开始发生作用了7‘物理’功(cf. erg)B1 (C) (艺术等的) 作品; 著作, 著述a literary ~文学作品a ~ of art (尤指卓越的) 美术品a new ~ on modern American literature有关现代美国文学的新著作the (complete) ~s of Shakespeare [Picasso]莎士比亚全集 [毕卡索的全部作品]2 [~s] (钟表等的) 机件装置, 机器the ~s of a watch [piano]表 [钢琴] 的机件[装置]There's something the matter with the ~s.这些机器出了毛病3 [~s]→ works4 [~s]a. 土木工程road ~s筑路工程→ public works.b. (土木工程的) 建造物(桥梁、堤防、船坞、水坝等)c. 防卫工程, 堡垒The ~s are impregnable.这个要塞是难以攻破的 [固若金汤]5[~s]‘神学’善行, 功德mighty ~s奇迹~s of mercy慈善行为the ~s of God=God's ~s大自然faith and ~s信与行(在宗教上的精神面与实行面)6 [the (whole) ~s] (口语)全部, 一切all in a [the] day's work稀松平常的 [普通的, 不稀奇的] 事■ at work(1) 工作中, 执勤中; 在现职岗位Men at ~.‘告示’工程进行中He is hard at ~.他在努力工作中He is at ~ on a new book.他正在写一本新书At seventy he is still at ~.他年已七十还在工作(2) 外出工作; 在工作场所My husband is at ~ now.我丈夫正外出工作(3)< 机器> 运作中, 运转中(4) 产生 < 影响> , 起作用■ get the works(俚)受到虐待, 吃苦头, 受害■ get to work(1) 开始工作(2) 到 (达) 工作场所■ give a person the works(俚)(1) 虐待< 人> , 给< 人> 吃苦头(2) 杀< 人> ■ go to work(1) 去工作 [做事] , 去上班(2) = get to WORK (1)■ have (all) one's work cut out (for one)(口语) (某人) 有排定的繁忙工作, 十分忙碌, 被派去做困难的工作We'll have our ~ cut out for us to get this job finished by the weekend.要在周末以前完成这件工作, 我们就有苦头吃了 [就会忙得不可开交]■ in the works(口语)在计画中; 在进行中■ make work for﹍(1) 为< 人> 安排工作(2) 给< 人> 添加麻烦■ out of work失业■ put﹍to work = set﹍to WORK■ set to work著手工作; 开始工作 [作业]■ set to ~ to build a house著手盖房子■ set to ~ on﹍著手[开始]做…■ set﹍to work使…开始工作■ set a person to ~ at something使某人开始做某工作They were set to ~ making roads.他们被派去做筑路工作■ shoot the works(美口语)(1) 孤注一掷(2) 尽最大努力, 倾力, 尽量去做不及物动词( ~ed, wrought[rt; r:t])1 工作, 做事, 做活, 做工a. 做工, 工作, 从事; 用功, 研究 < on, away> ~ 43 hours a week每周工作四十三小时~ very hard很努力工作 [读书]~ on [away] till late at night继续工作到夜深Men ~ing ahead.(美)‘告示’前面筑路工程进行中(前面在筑路)( (英)Road works ahead)b. < 担任…> 工作She ~s as a nurse.她担任护士工作c. [为…]工作[for]~ for welfare为福利而工作He never had to ~ for a living.他从不必为生活而工作d. [朝… (目标) ] 努力[toward]They are ~ing toward the settlement of the dispute.他们正在为调解纠纷而努力e. [在某人等下面] 工作[under]I hate to ~ under her.我厌恶在她下面工作f.[在…]服务, 上班, 就职, 做事 [at, in, for]He ~s at [in] a bank.他在一家银行做事She used to ~ for an oil company.她过去服务于一家石油公司g. 研究[…], 用功[at]; 努力对付[…][at, on](◆可用被动语态)She is ~ing at mathematics.她在研究 [攻读] 数学He ~s at social reform.他从事于社会改革工作He is ~ing on a new play.他正在著手编写新剧本The problem has been ~ed on for three years.那个问题已研究了三年2 [用…]为材料加工[in]~ insilver用银加细工3 a. < 器官、机器等> 运作, 运转; < 车轮等> 旋转, 转动My watch doesn't ~.我的手表不动 [故障] 了The sawmill is not ~ing.锯木厂停工 [不开工] 了The hinges will ~ better with oil.绞链上油会转动得更好My brain isn't ~ing well today.我的脑筋今天不灵活b. < 机器等> [靠…]转动[by]; < 车轮等> 旋转[on]This machine ~s by compressed air.这部机器靠压缩空气运转4 a. < 计画等> 顺利进行; < 药等> 有效The plan did not ~ well in practice.该计画实行时不顺利Will your idea ~ ?.你的主意行得通吗?It ~s.行得通 [奏效]The drug ~s like magic.该药像魔术般有效 [有奇效]b. < 药等> [对…]有效[on]This medicine doesn't ~ onme.这种药对我无效5 a. [对人、感情等] 起作用, 产生影响[on, upon]Poetry ~s on the mind of the reader.诗会打动读者的心The appeal wrought powerfully on him.那恳求深深地打动了他b. 企图说服[影响][某人]< 做…> [on, upon]They ~ed on me to vote for him.他们企图说服我投他的票c. 产生 [对…不利的] 作用, 影响[against]The scandal will ~ against him.那丑闻会产生对他不利的影响6 a. 努力地慢慢前进, 逐渐出来[脱离]The root ~ed down between the stones.树根慢慢地伸进石缝间The wind soon ~ed round to the north.不久风势逐渐转北We ~ed slowly along the shelf of rock.我们沿著岩棚缓缓前进My elbow has ~ed through the sleeve.我的肘逐渐把袖子磨破了The ship ~ed eastward in a heavy sea.船在巨浪中向东缓行b. 慢慢地 [不知不觉地] 变< 成…> The window catch has ~ed loose [off].窗户的挂钩松掉 [脱落] 了7 a. < 脸部等> 激烈地 (抽) 动Her face ~ed with emotion.她激动得面部抽搐b. (罕) < 海浪> 汹涌The sea ~s high.海上怒涛汹涌8 发酵The yeast hasn't begun to ~.酵母尚未开始发酵及物动词A1 a. 使< 人> (…地) 工作; 使用 < 人、牛马等> He ~s his men long hours.他使部属长时间工作You must not ~ your servant [horse] too hard.你不可使你的仆人[马]太劳累b. 使 < 人、牛马等> 工作< 成…> He ~ed himself ill.他过度劳动 [积劳] 成疾c. 使 < 人、牛马等> 工作[成…状态][to]He ~ed himself to death.他过度劳累 [积劳] 致死d. (口语)运用, 利用 < 关系> ~ one's contacts利用关系2 a. 转动; 运转, 操作 < 机器、装置、身体等的一部分> ~ a typewriter打字~ one's jaws抽动下巴Do you know how to ~ this machine ?.你知道如何操作这部机器吗?b. [用电力等] 转动 < 机器、装置等> , 操作[by]This pump is ~ed by hand [electricity].这个泵是用手 [电力] 操作的3 a. 经营 < 农场、事业等> He is ~ing his farm with fair success.他相当成功地经营著他的农场b. < 推销员等> 担任 < 一定的地区> 推销工作This salesman ~s the western states.这位推销员担任西部各州的推销工作c. 耕耘< 土地> ; 开采 < 矿山> ~ the soil耕耘土地That coal mine is no longer ~ed.那座煤矿不再开采了4 a. 拟定, 研拟, 筹划< 计画等> < out> ~ out a method [way] of driving a tunnel under the sea研拟开凿海底隧道的方法b. 努力计算, 算出; 解决< 问题> ; 解读 < 密码等> < out> ~ (out) difficult calculations in one's head在脑子里做困难的计算 [艰难地做心算]He ~ed out all the problems in algebra.他把所有的代数问题都解出来了5 a. [常~ oneself 或 ~ one's way] 慢慢 [费力] 地前进, 努力[工作]获得~ one's way up逐渐发迹He ~ed his way through the crowd.他从人群中费力地前进He ~ed himself into a position of leadership.他经艰苦努力爬升到领导的地位b. 使…逐渐 [慢慢] < 成…状态> ~ a screw loose转松螺丝He ~ed his hands free from the ropes.他使 (被绑的) 双手慢慢地从绳索中挣脱出来B1 a. (使用劳力) [用…]制造…, 加 (细) 工[in]~ a vase (insilver)(用银) 制造花瓶ornaments wrought in pure gold纯金打造的装饰品b. 把 < 材料> (加工) 制[成…][into]~ iron into a horseshoe把铁加工制成马蹄铁2 a. 揉, 捏 < 粉团、黏土等> ~ dough揉面团b. 揉 [捏] < 粉团、黏土等> [成…][into]~ clay into a jar把黏土捏成壶3 a. 编织…~ a shawl编织披肩b. 把 < 图案等> 缝 [绣] [在…][on]; 以 [图案等] 缝 [绣] < 在…上> [with]She had her initials ~ed on her handkerchief.她把自己名字的首字母绣于手帕上I ~ed my dress with lilies in silver thread.我在衣服上用银线绣上百合花图案4 产生 < 变化、效果、影响等> , 导致, 带来, 引起the destruction wrought by the earthquake地震所带来的破坏~ miracles [harm, mischief]创造奇迹 [造成灾害、祸害]Time has wrought a lot of changes in our city.时间给我们的城市带来许多的变化This medicine ~ed wonders for my cold.这种药对我的感冒产生神效5 a. 逐渐影响< 人> 使[成…]; 使…逐渐兴奋< up> [into, to]~ men to ones will随意左右人们The speaker ~ed his audience into a frenzy.演讲者使听众疯狂似地激动b. [~ oneself]逐渐变成[…]; 兴奋< up> [into, to]He ~ed himself (up) into a rage.他动怒了She ~ed [wrought] herself into a fever.她因过劳而致发烧■ work around=WORK round■ work one's head off拼命工作 [用功]■ work in(1) → v.i. 2(2) 进入, 混进The dust ~ed in everywhere.灰尘无孔不入(3) 插入, 加入 < 话题等> ~ in some topical jokes插入一些讽刺时事问题 [抨击时弊] 的笑话■ work ﹍ into ﹍(1) → v.t. A 5 a(2) → v.t. B 1 b(3) → v.t. B 2 b(4) → v.t. B 5(5) 把…放进…~ one's foot into the boot把脚伸入长靴中~ new courses into the curriculum把新学科引入课程中■ work in with﹍与…和谐地工作, 协调■ work like a charm→ like a CHARM■ work off(1) → v.i. 6 b(2) 努力 [逐渐] 除去~ off the stiffness in the shoulders by massage以按摩消除肩膀的僵硬 [酸痛](3) 做完 < 剩下的工作等> I began to ~ off arrears of correspondence.我开始慢慢处理待覆的信件(4) 做工偿还 < 借款等> ~ off a debt做工偿还借款(5)[对…]发泄 < 闷气等> [on]He ~ed off his bad temper on his dog.他把脾气发泄在他的狗身上work on it(口语)继续努力■ work out(1) 逐渐露出来Your shirt has ~ed out.你的衬衫露到裤子外面来了(2) < 金额等> 合计为[…][at, to]The cost ~ed out at.￡7 [to $20] .费用合计为七英镑 [二十美元](3) 解决< 问题> ; 算出 < 总数> The sum won't ~ out.总数算不出来(4)< 计画等> (顺利) 进行; 有 (…) 的结果 [结局]The plan will ~ out satisfactorily.那计画将有令人满意的结果It didn't ~ out very well.那件事进行得不很顺利(5) < 拳击选手> 受训, 练习; 运动~ out daily with sparring partners天天与练习对手练拳(6) → v.t. A 4(7) 辛苦达成 [刻苦完成] …(8) 努力去了解…~ out the meaning of a poem努力去了解诗的意思Why did he do that?I can't ~ it out.他为什么做那种事?我不了解(9)(口语)明瞭< 某人> 的真面目I can't ~ Smith out.我不明瞭史密斯是个怎么样的人(10) 掘尽, 采完 < 矿山> ■ work over(1) 重做 < 计算等> ; 改作 < 报告等> (2)(美口语)猛烈攻击, 痛打, 殴打< 某人> ■ work round(1)< 风> 改变方向(2)< 人> 把意见[想法]改变 [为他人的观点] [to]work to rule(英)实施不违法的劳工斗争 (战术) ; 故意死守规章导致生产减低, 怠工■ work up(1) (努力逐渐) 建立, 扩展< 事业等> ~ up a business努力扩展事业~ up one's reputation逐渐建立声誉(2) → v.t. A 5(3) → v.t. B 5(4) 激起 < 勇气、兴趣、热情等> , 鼓动, 煽起~ up anger激起愤怒~ up an appetite(做运动等) 增进食欲~ up a spirit of social unrest逐渐造成社会不安的风潮I couldn't ~ up enough courage to do it.我无法鼓起足够的勇气去做那件事(5) 把 < 材料、主题> 搜集[整理][成…][into]~ up a series of lectures整理出一套演讲~ up a sketch into a picture把素描整理成画(6) 详细研究 < 学科等> , 仔细调查, 学会I must ~ up my science for the test tomorrow.我必须为明天的考试刻苦钻研这门学科 (这一科目)(7) 逐渐晋升至[…], 渐渐升高[到…][to]~ up to the position of president逐渐晋升至董事长的职位The story ~ed up to a thrilling climax.那个故事逐渐发展到紧张刺激的高潮■ work with﹍(1) 与< 人> (协力) 工作, < …的> 同事(2) 使用 < 工具等> 工作 [做事](3) (因工作关系) 处理… 为对象 |